No matter how safe we feel in our own lives, every day brings with it another opportunity for an unprecedented and possibly fatal accident -- be it a Mother Nature-induced natural disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami, or a more personal event such as a car accident or life-threatening medical diagnosis.
While it leaves one feeling uneasy to ponder the various things that could possibly damage our personal well-being at a moment’s notice, our modern society can take comfort in knowing that we are, quite frankly, significantly safer in this generation than we were centuries ago. Top Public Safety Innovations examines the inventions that have been instrumental in making us feel more secure and affording us a higher quality of life.
Being a soap salesman, Fight Club’s Tyler Durden would tell you that there’s no greater universal safety innovation than soap. When coupled with hand washing, soap is critical to protecting the body from bacteria. The one-two punch of William Shepphard’s pioneering liquid soap and dispenser has allowed soap to do its job almost anywhere and everywhere we get the urge to clean up, keeping humans healthier in the process.
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While it leaves one feeling uneasy to ponder the various things that could possibly damage our personal well-being at a moment’s notice, our modern society can take comfort in knowing that we are, quite frankly, significantly safer in this generation than we were centuries ago. Top Public Safety Innovations examines the inventions that have been instrumental in making us feel more secure and affording us a higher quality of life.
Life Preservers
For anyone who takes a cruise or a ferry trip on a regular basis, the sight of a life jacket is to be expected. First created in 1854 by Englishman Captain Ward before being adapted into inflatable devices by Peter Markus in 1928, life preservers are now commonplace in preventing drowning deaths of adults and children on both commercial ships and private boats. It’s worth noting that the inflatable shape of early life preservers was ample enough in the chest area to warrant the nickname Mae West, in recognition of the classic bosomy actress.
Fire Extinguisher
The earliest fire extinguishers -- first developed by Ambrose Godfrey and then retooled by George William Manby -- were used to combat fires in 18th- and 19th-century England. Over the course of their substantial evolution -- which initially featured ingredients like gunpowder, but now contain water, foam or carbon dioxide -- these familiar red contraptions have become safety staples in places such as residential dwellings, offices and restaurants. While no fire extinguisher can offer the advanced technology a local fire department provides, they have still provided accessible, effective protection against small fires that was never available before.
Pasteurization
When French scientist Louis Pasteur developed the art of pasteurization, he was hoping to extend the shelf life of beer and wine. Good man. By perfecting the process of using high-heat and fast-cooling action to keep harmful pathogens under control, his original handiwork has since been applied to dairy products, juices, canned products, and even water. Besides allowing the important things -- like beer -- to taste better, pasteurization has been innovative in protecting people from acquiring scarlet fever, typhoid fever, listeriosis, and diphtheria through food and beverage consumption.
Helmets
No matter how easily a helmet can bring on a case of bad hair, not wearing one can just as easily bring on a case of serious injury. First worn for protection by soldiers in ancient times, helmets are still worn during modern warfare while also showing up in everything from sports to construction. Also popular for riders traveling by motorcycle and bicycle, helmets offer an extra layer of security that is invaluable to their well-being and safety on the road.
Refrigeration
Humans first experimented with food conservation through cooling centuries ago by using ice and snow inside caves. Following the efforts of pioneers William Cullen, Benjamin Franklin and Carl von Linde, refrigerators infiltrated households in the early 20th century. The health benefits of a fridge are numerous, starting with the healthier diets that are possible from refrigerating fruits and vegetables year-round. Additionally, we can thank refrigeration for allowing us to enjoy sushi, as cool preservation was the key to eliminating sushi’s early hepatitis A health risks.
Anesthesia
We have come a long way since Sigmund Freud suggested that Karl Koller employ cocaine as a local anesthetic and Crawford Long instituted diethyl ether as the operation drug of choice. The advances in anesthesia along with the teamwork of nurses and doctors have made surgery safer for patients who are under the knife, making it less of a life-threatening risk and more of a live-saving procedure. By keeping the focus on the patient and reducing surgical risks, modern anesthesia has prolonged the lives of millions by allowing surgeons to successfully treat countless injuries and conditions at a moment’s notice.
Vaccines
Through their individual efforts, Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur transformed society by moving it away from inoculation and into the era of vaccination. Initially introduced in the 18th century and popularized in 19th-century medicine, vaccines changed the course of the health industry by encouraging the prevention of diseases in the human body before they could start. While not without occasional flares of controversy, vaccines can still be credited with protecting humans against the dangers of otherwise deadly conditions like polio, smallpox, measles, and rubella.
Tap Water
Water is the primary essence that allows us to live, which makes the ability to access clean drinking water a vital component for human survival. Perhaps the greatest benefit of the indoor plumbing revolution of the late 19th and early 20th centuries in developed countries was the introduction of tap water. Besides giving humans water they could use for cleaning and food preparation, clean tap water provides essential fluids while preventing waterborne illnesses. As an example of how important safe tap water is, one can simply observe the challenges and health problems endured by those living in countries without it.
911 Emergency Service
The evolution of telephones has gone hand in hand with the changes in how we summon emergency help. During the prerotary phone era, operators patched callers through to authorities, but the invention of rotary dialing necessitated a new approach. The answer came in 1937, when a single emergency phone number -- 999 -- was developed in England. AT&T spearheaded a similar technology across the United States in 1968. The institution of 911 has streamlined emergency services and saved millions of lives by immediately connecting people to the appropriate authorities in times of danger.
Soap
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” that most everyone believes. But, surprisingly, if we look at the actual research about these “love facts” we may find that they are not facts at all. They are fictions, myths. So separating love fiction from love fact makes you an informed “consumer” when it comes to your dating and love life.
advice I can give you is that you need to work on yourself and choose someone, a good friend with chemistry, who’s willing to grow with you. These are the keys to a happy marriage. Sorry, no fairy tale.
in your thirties rather than your twenties. 
often. These sorts of sites are updated often with the newest deals, and if you’re not there often, that means you’re missing out. Always remember that online coupons are like paper coupons, and they can have expiration dates. Not every promotion is an ongoing promotion, and if you try to enter an old discount code, you might find you’re too late to cash in on the savings. Don’t let this happen to you. Be a smart shopper, and be diligent about being in the know in regards to the latest and best deals.
. However, that’s a lot easier to do if you have your favorite sites bookmarked. Bookmarking a site is easy. When you’re on the desired webpage, simply click on “Bookmarks” in your toolbar. The first option should be “Bookmark this page.” Click on that, and the site is saved as one of your favorites. Or, if you’re really into shortcuts, simply push control + d. (These commands only apply to PC users.) The next time you want to visit your favorite discount site, don’t bother typing in the web address. Simply go to your bookmarked 
, and find the site in your list of favorites. Make it part of your shopping ritual to check out the latest deals before you purchase.
. Browse some sites for valuable printable coupons. The more information you have, the better. So don’t limit yourself to one source.
is something every smart, savvy shopper must know how to do. And more importantly, they must know how to stick to it. After all, being a smart shopper is all about saving time and money. A solid budget can do both. A budget is basically an analysis of your incoming money. Start with the amount you make every month. Deduct rent/mortgage, food, utilities, and all other consistent monthly expenses. Then determine how much you want to put away into your savings, retirement fund, or children’s college fund. Everything that’s left over can be considered expendable income. A savvy shopper would not immediately spend all that income on shopping, because emergencies crop up all the time. Perhaps you need to fix your car unexpectedly, for example. But some of that expendable income can be allocated to shopping as you see fit. Remember, everybody’s budget will be different. Also, make sure to actually write it down. Things have a way of going off course if it’s not logged on paper.
are so excited for a good deal, they don’t really stop to think whether they actually need the item itself. A savvy shopper must learn to overcome this. Just because something is cheap, doesn’t mean you need it. If it’s just going to sit in your closet unused and collecting dust, it doesn’t matter if it was cheap or not. It was still wasted money. Also, be wary of coupons that simply seem like a good deal. Saving $10 sounds great, but it’s not so great if you have to spend $100 to get it. So remember, use coupons to save on purchases you were already going to make, and the savings will truly start to add up.
needs. But you’re not actually saving any money if you buy things you don’t need. Any amount of money spent on something you won’t use is still money wasted. So be careful not to take advantage of a deal just because it’s a good deal. This will only lead you to overspend and overbuy. If money is an issue for you, as it is for so many of us, set a budget for yourself. And most importantly, stick to it. Part of being a smart shopper is knowing your limits.